Toronto’s tall buildings like to dance in the wind, potentially making penthouse owners sea sick as the tops of buildings sway as much as half a metre. To stop the swaying, structural engineers make taller buildings extra stiff and often plunk a concrete slab weighing 400 tonnes at the top. Now, two University of Toronto engineers aim to design buildings that can absorb the vibrational energy from the wind, and even powerful jolts from earthquakes, with minimal movement and no damage.
“We’ve developed viscoelastic-energy-dissipating dampers to replace many of the heavy concrete beams
Known as the Wind-Earthquake Coupling Damper, this potentially game-changing device could first
“With the damper, buildings can offer more leasable space, be slimmer and taller, while also being safer,”
Cities are going vertical all around the world; some 2,500 buildings over 30 stories are being built or Toronto leads the way with the most high-rise buildings under construction in North America.
Concrete, and lots of it, has been the traditional engineering approach to coping with the force winds can
“Structural engineers have struggled with this problem for years,” said Christopoulos
Ten years ago, Toronto high-rise building designers asked Christopoulos and other civil engineers
The Wind-Earthquake Coupling Damper is a multiple-layer sandwich of steel plates and viscoelastic polymer or rubber,
The damper is roughly two metres long, half a metre in depth and just over a half metre wide on average,
When a gust of wind starts to move a building the force or energy is absorbed by the rubber in the damper, “We can add ‘structural fuses,’ so that the damper can handle the enormous energy from earthquakes,” said Montgomery.
Some of the steel plates can be engineered to fail when there’s a big spike in energy. These steel “They’re designed to act like a fuse or breaker in an electrical circuit.”
After an extreme earthquake, the dampers can be inspected, and, if any structural fuses have been triggered,
Well-built buildings in earthquake zones rarely collapse, but are often seriously damaged. Nearly all the
Repairing fractured internal concrete beams is not always possible and most of these buildings
The Toronto team’s damper successfully withstood large magnitude earthquakes and large
The toughest phase of this 10-year project is to get builders and their engineers in what
“Lots of them think its great, but hesitate to be first to use it. It’s not like trying out a new app. However, one pioneering builder in downtown Toronto is ready to make a commitment.
“We’re hoping that, in the next 12 months, the first dampers will be installed.” |