China’s road-building has surpassed even its own ambitious plans. The Ministry of Transport said Tuesday that construction
of twelve national highways has been completed 13 years ahead of schedule. Another eight highways in western China are
almost complete, as well, it said.
The massive buildup of China’s highways will soon leave the U.S., the originator of the national highway system, in the dust.
Expressways in China now total 74,000 kilometers, or 46,000 miles, the ministry says–just a thousand miles short of the U.S.
interstate system, according to U.S. government data. China has said that by 2020, China hopes to have about 85,000
kilometers of national expressways–a target that it will likely reach before the date, since it has already built 90% of the total.
Spending on transportation infrastructure has helped power the Chinese economy’s growth, especially as roads develop local economies and minimize time and effort for trade.
And the government is putting money where its mouth is. In the past five years, the Transport Ministry spent 4.7 trillion yuan
($713 billion) on road and water transportation–more than double the sum of the annual expenditures listed in U.S.
Department of Transportation’s budget reports for the same time period.
The speed of China’s buildup is also impressive, especially in recent years. It has built the majority of its expressways in the
past decade and built 33,000 kilometers in the past five years. The U.S. Interstate system, in contrast, was built over more
than three decades, starting from 1958 and lasting until 1991.
It’s not all good news, of course. China is already the largest auto market in the world and more highways will encourage more
cars. And not all the places that need new roads have been getting them quickly enough: Congestion in major cities is a
growing problem–especially in Beijing, which experienced an epic jam in August that at times stretched 100 kilometers. The
Beijing city government has said it will limit new license plates to 240,000 this year in a city that hosts about 4.7 million
vehicles.
High highway tolls, and a recent rise in prices, are also angering the public and limiting usage. “These are problems that
deserve attention,” acknowledged Weng Mengyong, vice minister of transport, who said that the ministry has canceled tolls on
close to 90,000 kilometers of highway. But he also offered a friendly reminder: “If there were no tolls, there would be no
development of the transport system in China.”
(转自The Wall Street Journal/China Real Time Report blog)