Concrete experts at the Georgia Tech have made new concrete, from recycled rubble and other indigenous raw materials
using simple techniques.
"There are political and economic dilemmas as well, but we have found we can turn one of the dilemmas - the rubble
- into a solution via some fairly simple methods of recycling the rubble and debris into new concrete," said Reginald
R. DesRoches.
DesRoches and Joshua J. Gresham studied the methods, tools and raw materials used by local labourers to make concrete
mixes.
Neither encountered any mixing trucks.
"Instead, all of the construction crews were manually batching smaller amounts of concrete. Unfortunately, they
were mixing volumes of materials 'by eye,' an unreliable practice that probably caused much of the poor construction
and building failure during the earthquake," he said.
DesRoches and Gresham manually cast an initial set of standard 3-inch by 6-inch concrete test blocks using mixes
from several different construction sites.
Back at the lab, tests indicated that the Haitian-made concrete had an average compressive strength of 1,300 pounds
per square inch, while US standards require it to be a minimum of 3,000 pounds per square inch.
Next, they manually crushed the samples with a hammer to provide course aggregate. Then they carefully measured
volumes using methods prescribed by the American Concrete Institute. The materials were still mixed by hand to
replicate the conditions in Haiti.
Subsequent tests of samples made from each type of sand showed that compressive strength of both of the types of
new test blocks, still composed of Haitian materials, dramatically increased, showing an average over 3,000 pounds
per square inch.
"Based upon these results, we now believe that Haitian concrete debris, even of inferior quality, can be effectively
used as recycled course aggregate in new construction," said Kimberly E. Kurtis.
"It can work effectively, even if mixed by hand. The key is having a consistent mix of materials that can be easily
measured. We are confident are results can be scaled up mix procedure where quantities can be measured using common,
inexpensive construction equipment."
"Finding fresh aggregate is more difficult than getting rid of the debris. It is costly to find, mine and truck
in," said DesRoches.
The trio said they plan on sharing their research with Haitian government officials and nongovernmental organizations
working on reconstruction projects.
The study is published today in the Bulletin of the American Ceramic Society.
(转自Sify.com (India))