California's plan for high-speed rail service envisions bullet trains zooming from Sacramento to San Diego. To start off, the
state intends to spend $4.3 billion to build a 65-mile stretch of track and stations linking two small towns in rural Central Valley.
Proponents of high speed rail say building this portion of track is a good way to launch a multiyear building program. Critics
call the project the "train to nowhere" and are using it to fuel a broader attack on the Obama administration's rail strategy.
"It defies logic and common sense to have the train start and stop in remote areas that have no hope of attaining the ridership
needed to justify the cost of the project," U.S. Rep. Dennis Cardoza (D., Calif.) wrote in a Nov. 30 letter to Transportation
Secretary Ray LaHood.
Congress is signaling it could cut spending for high-speed rail across the board. An independent peer review group recently
told the state Legislature that the Central Valley rail project's financing plan is a "critical concern" and the assumption by the
project's backers that they will get significant additional federal assistance had an "air of unreality."
California has received more than $2.5 billion in federal funding to build the initial $4.3 billion stretch in the Central Valley,
linking the towns of Corcoran and Borden. While the state's high-speed-rail plan calls for an 800-mile system from
Sacramento to San Diego, officials are focusing on the main phase—a 520-mile span from the San Francisco Bay area to the
Los Angeles/Anaheim area, proposed to be build and in operation by 2020 at an estimated cost of $42.6 billion.
Trains would eventually reach speeds up to 220 miles per hour—far faster than any existing passenger trains in the U.S., and
rivaling those in Europe and Asia.
"This is a high-stakes game and we're going to be left holding the bag," said state Sen. Alan Lowenthal, a Long Beach
Democrat who heads a legislative committee overseeing the project. "We're hearing a lot more concerns that the nation
doesn't need this at the moment. Well why are we spending more money building this orphan site?"
Roelof van Ark, chief executive of the California High Speed Rail Authority, says the Central Valley link will be the "backbone"
of a system and serve as a testing ground for high-speed locomotives. He says it is easier to start in the less-developed
Central Valley because building there is less expensive than in urban centers and there are fewer landowners to negotiate
with. Supporters also say the project will spur development and bring jobs to an area with high unemployment.
The federal government itself stipulated that the money allocated to the project so far should be spent on the Central Valley
stretch.
Building in the Central Valley also meets a key federal requirement: If the high-speed-rail plans fail, any portion built with
federal money must find a use. In this case, the Central Valley portion could be linked up with nearby freight-rail lines used by
Amtrak.
Mr. Van Ark said the rail authority's plans and the 2020 scheduled finish date for the San Francisco-Los Angeles portion
depend on more federal funding.
"It's without any doubt that we need funding from the federal government" beyond what's already been allocated, Mr. van Ark
said. "We are aware of the changes in Washington, D.C., obviously, and there will be more caution on spending on all types of
projects."
Obama administration officials say they remain committed to high-speed rail in California, and this week redirected more than
$600 million in high-speed-rail stimulus funds to California. State rail officials said that money would likely be used to extend
the Central Valley portion south to Bakersfield.
But the U.S. House this week voted to cut federal funding of high-speed rail programs nationwide to $1 billion in the current
fiscal year from $2.5 billion in fiscal 2010. Congressional Republicans have pledged to cut government spending and
suggested they may try to recoup the stimulus money for high-speed rail.
Project administrators said potential private investors, including train manufacturers, operators, and construction companies,
have expressed interest in putting up capital, but that the project needs to be further along before companies would do that.
Ross Capon, executive director of the National Association of Railroad Passengers, which supports the California project, said
opposition to the project could shift if there is a spike in oil prices, which could hurt air and car travel and lead more people to
use passenger rail.
"It's those kind of events that people promoting the high-speed-rail project out there are trying to get ahead of the curve," Mr.
Capon said. "It's hard to do that because politicians love projects that can be done before the next election, which this
decidedly is not."
(转自The Wall Street Journal)