SOMETIMES a common solution can be found for two apparently unrelated problems. That may be true of
repairing paths and other surfaces, and disposing of old plastic bottles. Naji Khoury and his colleagues at
Temple University in Philadelphia have come up with a way of turning plastic waste into a cement-like substance
that has advantages over conventional paving materials.
The plastic they are using is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is commonly found in soft-drinks bottles
and some other forms of packaging. More than 15m tonnes of the stuff were produced in 2009. Products made
with PET usually contain only that one type of plastic, which makes them easy to recycle. The plastic is sorted
into different colours, cleaned and broken into flakes. Demand for this material (for making things like fabric and
carpets) does not, however, exceed supply, so many bottles and containers still end up being dumped.
Dr Khoury’s idea is to heat the flakes and mix them with subsoil that contains silt and clay. He calls the result
Plastisoil (it takes about 30,000 bottles to make a tonne of it). When it is mixed with aggregate (crushed rock
that is used in the foundations of roads and buildings) it forms a material similar to concrete or asphalt.
An initial test using Plastisoil as part of a pavement at the university proved successful, so the researchers are
carrying out further trials with a view to commercialising their product. They believe it will be suitable for paths,
drives, cycleways and car parks—and, with further development, perhaps roads too. Dr Khoury says the cost of
using Plastisoil is comparable to that of laying concrete or asphalt, while making it in the first place uses a lot less
energy.
Plastisoil also has the advantage of being porous. In places where large areas of land are paved, the run-off from
heavy rainfall can cause flooding. If stormwater is able to soak through the paving this is less likely to happen.
That should be true for Plastisoil, particularly if it were laid over a foundation of gravel to make a French drain.
The porosity of the new material has also led its inventors to wonder if it might operate as a filter, stopping
pollutants such as spilled oil being washed into the ground by rainfall. It could be made still more effective in
that role by being treated with substances that help to break up hydrocarbons. Using one potential form of
waste to deal with another in this way has a pleasing ring to it. Fighting fire with fire, as it were.
(转自 The Economist)